What type of refrigerant is primarily used in modern refrigeration systems due to its low ozone depletion potential?

HFCs, or hydrofluorocarbons, are primarily used in modern refrigeration systems due to their low ozone depletion potential. These refrigerants were developed as replacements for older substances, such as CFCs and HCFCs, which have been found to contribute to ozone layer depletion.

HFCs do not contain chlorine, which is a key element in the ozone-depleting process. As a result, they are viewed more favorably in terms of environmental impact. Most countries have adopted regulations, such as the Montreal Protocol, which phase out the use of substances that deplete the ozone layer, making HFCs a more sustainable choice for refrigeration applications.

In contrast to HFCs, CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) and HCFCs (hydrochlorofluorocarbons) contain chlorine and have been shown to have high ozone depletion potentials. CCl4, or carbon tetrachloride, is also a potent ozone-depleting substance and is not used in modern refrigeration systems. Thus, the choice of HFCs aligns with environmental standards and regulations while providing effective refrigeration performance.