How does superheating improve the efficiency of a refrigeration system?

Superheating enhances the efficiency of a refrigeration system primarily by ensuring that only vapor enters the compressor. In refrigeration systems, it is critical that the compressor operates with the refrigerant in its vapor state. If liquid refrigerant enters the compressor, it can cause liquid slugging, which can damage the compressor and reduce its efficiency.

By incorporating superheating, the refrigerant is heated beyond its boiling point after leaving the evaporator, thereby converting any remaining liquid refrigerant into vapor before it enters the compressor. This process safeguards the compressor against the harmful effects of liquid slugging and enables it to operate more effectively. As a result, the overall efficiency of the refrigeration system is improved because the compressor can perform its function without interruptions or physical damage caused by liquid refrigerant.

The other options describe different characteristics of refrigerants but do not specifically relate to how superheating directly benefits the efficiency of the system in the way that preventing liquid slugging does.